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Drug-eluting stent coatings

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This paper reviews the development of coronary stents from a polymer scientist's view point, and presents the first results of an interdisciplinary team assembled for the development of new stent systems. Poly(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) block copolymer (SIBS), a nanostructured thermoplastic elastomer, is used in clinical practice as the drug-eluting polymeric coating on the Taxus coronary stent (trademark of Boston Scientific Co.). Our group has been developing new architectures comprising of arborescent (dendritic) polyisobutylene cores (D_SIBS), which were shown to be as biocompatible as SIBS. ElectroNanospray (Nanocopoeia Inc.TM) was used to coat test coupons and coronary stents with selected DSIBS polymers loaded with dexamethasone, a model drug. The surface topology varied from smooth to nanosized particulate coating. This paper will demonstrate how drug release profiles were influenced by both the molecular weight of the polyisobutylene core and spraying conditions of the polymer-drug mixture. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Figure 1.

Balloon angioplasty and stenting (Reprinted with permission from www.applesnail.net Copyright 2007 Boston Scientific Corporation).

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Figure 2.

Schematic of the ElectroNanospray process.

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Figure 3.

Polyisobutylene (PIB)-based Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs); architecture and macroscopic appearance, where = PIB and= glassy segments.

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Figure 4.

Scanning electron microscope images of continuous (5000 × magnification) and particulate (20,000 × magnification) films sprayed onto SS plates.

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Figure 5.

DXM release from TPE4, TPE1 and TPE5.• smooth film; o particulate film.

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Figure 6.

Raman spectra of DXM powder and a TPE4 film.

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Figure 7.

Raman images (z and x–y scans) of TPE4/DXM smooth films.

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Figure 8.

Optical images of TPE4/DMX continuous films.

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Figure 9.

Hybrid coating.

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Figure 10.

Stents coated with TPE4/DXM.

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Toxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials

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1 comment
Contributor Pratik:
Sir, I am a student at University of Nebraska-Lincoln. I would like to know more about nanostructured coatings on vascular stents. Thank you.

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Dr. McNeil is the director of the Nanotechnology Characterization Laboratory for the National Cancer Institute, where he conducts preclinical characterization of nanoparticles intended for cancer therapy and diagnosis. The NCL evaluates nanomaterials using an "assay cascade," which includes physicochemical, in vitro, and in vivo characterization. In laymen's terms, they help cancer researchers get their nanotech-based particles from the lab bench into clinical trials.

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