While microbubbles are confined to remain in the vasculature, physiological consequences of tumor microvasculature afford opportunities for nanoscale agents to escape the intravascular space and expand bubble‐mediated potential. Here we review the status and prospects of nanoscale exogenous agents as ultrasound theranostic mediators, including nanobubbles, echogenic liposomes, gas vesicles, cavitation seeds, and nanodroplets, and we assess outstanding criticisms preventing their advance.

Viral capsids and protein cages are becoming well‐established nanotechnological tools for the fabrication of photonic and plasmonic materials and devices spanning fields such as sensing, nanomedicine, energy transfer and conversion, metamaterials, and nanoparticle synthesis.

Biotechnological production of silks and implementation of advanced processing methods allow to harness the potential of the biomaterials. Self‐assembly of nanoscaled fibrils and electrospinnig of nanofibers allows various medical and technical applications due to their biocompatibility, environmental and mechanical robustness as well as high surface‐to‐volume ratio.

Benchmark dose analysis can be used to compare effects of quantum dots in vitro to predict sensitivity of cell types, assays, and strains. Dosimetry was found to be critical for both in vitro and in vivo comparisons.

Immunoengineering with biomaterials for enhanced cancer immunotherapy.