Chemical structure of PG‐TXL (Reprinted with permission from Ref 9. Copyright 2008 Elsevier).

Drug nanocrystals (NCs) with fascinating physicochemical properties, such as high drug‐loading efficiency, great structural stability, and steady dissolution, have attracted great attention for efficient cancer therapy. In this review, we summarized the synthesis, characterization, applications, mechanisms, and future perspectives of drug NCs in cancer therapy.

Pulmonary exposure to carbon nanotubes can result in direct interaction with cells in the lung and result in an increased myofibroblast population thereby enhancing fibrogenesis, the severity of which is determined by physicochemical characteristics of the nanotubes and genetic susceptibility.

A vast number of metallic and non‐metallic labels can be conjugated to the dendrimer surface in order to transform them into MRI agents. Due to their multiple branches and high payload they can be readily detected, e.g. following local delivery to a brain tumor.

Cryo‐electron micrograph of exosome‐associated AAV1 vectors (virus capsids colored green). (Reprinted with permission from Ref 1. Copyright 2017 Cell Press)