Tuohy, A, Kaun, B, Entriken, R. Storage and demand‐side options for integrating wind power. WIREs Energy Environ 2014, 3:93–109 https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.92.
Energinet.dk and Dansk Energi. DanGrid: Delrapport Arbejdsgruppe 22, endelig rapport efter høring 12. september 2012 [DanGrid: Sub‐report Working Group 22, final report after consultation 12 September 2012], Technical report. Fredericia: Energinet.dk; 2012.
Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy and Building. Smart Grid‐Strategi – fremtidens intelligente energisystem [Smart‐Grid Strategy – the future intelligent energy system]. Technical report. Copenhagen: Danish Ministry of Climate, Energy and Building; 2013.
Borenstein, S, Holland, SP. On the efficiency of competitive electricity markets with time‐invariant retail prices. RJE 2005, 36:469–493.
Kopsakangas‐Savolainen, M, Svento, R. Real‐time pricing in the Nordic power markets. Energy Econ 2012, 34:1131–1142 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2011.10.006.
He, X, Keyaerts, N, Azevedo, I, Meeus, L, Hancher, L, Glachant, J‐M. How to engage consumers in demand response: a contract perspective. Util Policy 2013, 27:108–122 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2013.10.001.
Andersen, FM, Larsen, HV, Kitzing, L, Morthorst, PE. Who gains from hourly time‐of‐use retail prices on electricity? An analysis of consumption profiles for categories of Danish electricity customers. WIREs Energy Environ 2014, 3:582–593 https://doi.org/10.1002/wene.120.
Kwon, PS, Østergaard, P. Assessment and evaluation of flexible demand in a Danish future energy scenario. Appl Energy 2014, 134:309–320 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.08.044.
EaEnergianalyse,. Kortlægning af potentialet for fleksibelt elforbrug i industri, handel og service [Mapping the potential for flexible electricity consumption in industry, commerce and services]. Report prepared for Energinet.dk and Dansk Energi, Ea Energianalyse, Copenhagen, 2011. Available at: https://www.energinet.dk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Danske%20dokumenter/El/Kortl%C3%A6gning%20af%20potentialet%20for%20fleksibelt%20elforbrug%20i%20industri.pdf. (Accessed May 23, 2013).
Hans Jørgen Jørgensen. Elmåling [Electricity metering], 2014. Available at: http://www.danskenergi.dk/AndreSider/NetTeknik/Elmaaling.aspx. (Accessed January 20, 2015).
Danish Energy Regulatory Authority. Analyse af konkurrencen på detailmarkedet for el [Analysis of competition on the retail market for electricity]. Report, Danish Energy Regulatory Authority, Valby, Denmark, 2012. Available at: http://energitilsynet.dk/fileadmin/Filer/0_-_Nyt_site/EL/Nyheder/Analyse_af_detailmarkedet_for_el.pdf. (Accessed June 11, 2013).
LenaKitzing,, JonasKatz,, Sascha T.Schröder,, Poul ErikMorthorst,, and Frits MøllerAndersen,. The residential electricity sector in Denmark: a description of current conditions. Working paper, Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, 2016. Available at: http://orbit.dtu.dk/files/121099206/The_residential_electricity_sector_in_Denmark.pdf. (Accessed April 4, 2016).
S. N.Singh, and JacobØstergaard,. Use of demand response in electricity markets: an overview and key issues. In: 7th International Conference on the European Energy Market 2010, IEEE. ISBN: 978‐1‐4244‐6838‐6. https://doi.org/10.1109/EEM.2010.5558728.
Røpke, I, Nyborg, S. Energy impacts of the smart home – conflicting visions. In: Lindström, T, Nilsson, L, eds. ECEEE 2011 Summer Study – Energy Efficiency First: The Foundation of a Low‐Carbon Society. Stockholm: European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy; 2011, 1849–1860.
Jansen, M, Richts, C, Gerhardt, N, Lenck, T, Heddrich, M‐L. Strommarkt‐Flexibilisierung: Hemmnisse und Lösungskonzepte [A flexible electricity market: Barriers and solutions]. Berlin: Bundesverband Erneuerbare Energie; 2015. ISBN: 9783920328720 Available at: http://www.bee‐ev.de/fileadmin/Publikationen/Studien/20150216BEE_Strommarkt_Flexibilisierung.pdf. (Accessed July 28, 2015).
Ecofys. Der Spotmarktpreis als Index für eine dynamische EEG‐Umlage: Vorschlag für eine verbesserte Integration Erneuerbarer Energien durch Flexibilisierung der Nachfrage [The spot market price as an index for a dynamic EEG levy: Proposal for an improved integration of renewable energies by increasing demand flexibility]. Report prepared for Agora Energiewende. Berlin: Ecofys; 2014 Available at: http://www.agora‐energiewende.de/fileadmin/downloads/publikationen/Studien/Dynamische‐EEG_Umlage/Agora_RAP_Spotmarktpreis_als_Index_fuer_dyn_EEG‐Umlage_web.pdf. (Accessed June 4, 2014).
Togeby, M, Werling, J, Hethey, J, Bregnbæk, L, Kofoed‐Wiuff, A, Lindboe, HH, Mygind, K, Ahmt, J, Filippidis, A, Meibom, P, et al. Analyse af elpatronloven, treledstariffen for mindre kraftvarmeanlæg, afgifter og andre væsentlige rammebetingelser [Better integration of wind: Analysis of the Electric Boiler Act, the three‐part tariff for small cogeneration plants, taxes and other significant framework conditions]. Report prepared by Ea Energianalyse and Risø DTU for the Danish Energy Agency and the Danish Ministry of Taxation. Copenhagen: Ea Energianalyse; 2009.
Togeby, M, Werling, J, Hethey, J. Improving taxes, electricity markets and framework conditions to help integrate wind. In: Nordic Wind Power Conference 2009, Rønne. Kongens Lyngby: Technical University of Denmark; 2009.
Danish Ministry of Taxation. Redegørelse om muligheder for og virkninger af ændrede afgifter på elektricitet med særlig henblik på bedre integration af vedvarende energi (dynamiske afgifter) [Account of possibilities and effects of changed taxes on electricity particularly with regard to better integration of renewable energy (dynamic taxes)]. Technical report. Copenhagen: Danish Ministry of Taxation; 2010.
Danish Energy Regulatory Authority. Prisstatistik el‐forsyningspligtprodukter [Price statistics supply‐obligation products in electricity], 2014. Available at: http://energitilsynet.dk/el/priser/prisstatistik-el-forsyningspligt/. (Accessed January 19, 2015).
Dansk Energi. Forbrugsstatistik [Consumption statistics]. Frederiksberg: Dansk Energi; 2015.
Bayliss, CR, Hardy, BJ. Chapter 23: Distribution planning. In: Transmission and Distribution Electrical Engineering. 3rd ed. Oxford: Newnes; 2007, 867–906 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-075066673-2/50027-6. ISBN: 978‐0‐7506‐6673‐2.
Kasikci, I. Analysis and Design of Low‐Voltage Power Systems: An Engineer`s Field Guide. Weinheim: Wiley‐VCH; 2004 https://doi.org/10.1002/352760233X. ISBN: 9783527602339.
Conchado, A, Linares, P. The economic impact of demand‐response programs on power systems. A survey of the state of the art. In: Sorokin, A, Rebennack, S, Pardalos, PM, Iliadis, NA, Pereira, MVF, eds. Handbook of Networks in Power Systems, vol. 1. Berlin: Springer; 2012, 281–301 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23193-3_11. ISBN: 978‐3‐642‐23193‐3.
Albadi, MH, El‐Saadany, EF. A summary of demand response in electricity markets. Electr Pow Syst Res 2008, 78:1989–1996 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2008.04.002.
Strbac, G. Demand side management: Benefits and challenges. Energy Policy 2008, 36:4419–4426 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.09.030.
Faruqui, A, Sergici, S. Household response to dynamic pricing of electricity: a survey of 15 experiments. J Regul Econ 2010, 38:193–225 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11149-010-9127-y.
Gyamfi, S, Krumdieck, S, Urmee, T. Residential peak electricity demand response–Highlights of some behavioural issues. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2013, 25:71–77 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.04.006.
Faruqui, A, Harris, D, Hledik, R. Unlocking the €53 billion savings from smart meters in the EU: how increasing the adoption of dynamic tariffs could make or break the EU`s smart grid investment. Energy Policy 2010, 38:6222–6231 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.06.010.
NordREG. Nordic Market Report 2014: Development in the Nordic Electricity Market. Report 4/2014. Eskilstuna: NordREG Nordic Energy Regulators; 2014.
NordREG. Nordic Market Report 2012: Development in the Nordic Electricity Market. Report 3/2012. Helsinki: NordREG Nordic Energy Regulators; 2012.
Lyndrup, M. Kunderne og elprisen i 2015 [Customers and the electricity price in 2015]. Presentation. Valby: Danish Energy Regulatory Authority; 2016 Available at: http://energitilsynet.dk/fileadmin/Filer/0_-_Nyt_site/Forside/2016_-_Energiforum/160530_-_ML_-_FINAL_FINAL_elprisundersoegelse.pdf. (Accessed June 1, 2016).
Pfeifroth, P, Samweber, F, Gobmaier, T, Rüger, M. Funktionaler Stromspeicher mit Haushaltskühlgeräten [Functional electricity storage with domestic cooling appliances]. BWK 2012, 64:29–33.
Torstensson, D, Wallin, F. Potential and barriers for demand response at household customers. Energy Procedia 2015, 75:1189–1196 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.570.
Darby, SJ, McKenna, E. Social implications of residential demand response in cool temperate climates. Energy Policy 2012, 49:759–769 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.07.026.
Pepermans, G. Valuing smart meters. Energy Econ 2014, 45:280–294 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2014.07.011.
Kaufmann, S, Künzel, K, Loock, M. Customer value of smart metering: explorative evidence from a choice‐based conjoint study in Switzerland. Energy Policy 2013, 53:229–239 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.10.072.
Dütschke, E, Paetz, A‐G. Dynamic electricity pricing–which programs do consumers prefer? Energy Policy 2013, 59:226–234 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.03.025.
Jones, MA, Mothersbaugh, DL, Beatty, SE. Why customers stay: measuring the underlying dimensions of services switching costs and managing their differential strategic outcomes. J Bus Res 2002, 55:441–450 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0148-2963(00)00168-5.
Shy, O. A quick‐and‐easy method for estimating switching costs. Int J Ind Org 2002, 20:71–87 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7187(00)00076-X.
ChristopheDefeuilley, and MatthieuMollard,. The dynamic of competition in presence of switching costs. The case of British Gas (1997–2007). Working paper, GIS LARSEN, 2008. Available at: http://www.gis-larsen.org/Pdf/LARSEN_WP_17VA.pdf. (Accessed May 31, 2016).
Krafft, J, Salies, E. The diffusion of ADSL and costs of switching Internet providers in the broadband industry: evidence from the French case. Res Pol 2008, 37:706–719 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2008.01.007.
Carlsson, F, Löfgren, Å. Airline choice, switching costs and frequent flyer programmes. Appl Econ 2006, 38:1469–1475 https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840500419608.
Energinet.dk. Detailmarkedsrapport nr. 2 [Retail market report no. 2]. Dok. 15/12493‐5. Fredericia: Energinet.dk; 2016 Available at: http://www.energinet.dk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Danskedokumenter/El/2016-01Detailmarkedsrapportnr.2.pdf. (Accessed March 10, 2016).
Moe, M. Miljøret [Environmental law]. 6th ed. Copenhagen: Thomson; 2007. ISBN: 9788761919304.
Østrup, K. Why there is no market for the smart grid today. In: Pedersen, RU, Häuser, I, eds. Essays on the Smart Grid. Copenhagen: DJØF Publishing; 2013, 13–20.
Kay, JA, Keen, MJ. How should commodities be taxed? Eur Econ Rev 1983, 23:339–358 https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-2921(83)90037-5.
Keen, MJ. The balance between specific and ad valorem taxation. Fisc Stud 1998, 19:1–37 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-5890.1998.tb00274.x.
Alexander, BR. Dynamic pricing? Not so fast! A residential consumer perspective. Elect J 2010, 23:39–49 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tej.2010.05.014.
Borenstein, S. The long‐run efficiency of real‐time electricity pricing. Energ J 2005, 26:93–116 https://doi.org/10.5547/ISSN0195-6574-EJ-Vol26-No3-5.
Capion, K, Meibom, P. Elprisscenarier 2020–2035 [Electricity price scenarios 2020–2035]. Analyse 20. Frederiksberg: Dansk Energi; 2016 Available at: http://www.danskenergi.dk/$(\sim$)/media/DE_MJE/Analyser/Analyse20-Elprisscenarier2020-2035.ashx. (Accessed June 1, 2016).
O`Connell, N, Qiuwei, W, Østergaard, J, Nielsen, AH, Cha, ST, Yi, D. Day‐ahead tariffs for the alleviation of distribution grid congestion from electric vehicles. Electr Pow Syst Res 2012, 92:106–114 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2012.05.018.