Aghaei,, J., Nezhad,, A. E., Rabiee,, A., & Rahimi,, E. (2016). Contribution of plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles in power system uncertainty management. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 59, 450–458.
Ahmadi,, M., Mithulananthan,, N., & Sharma,, R. (2016, September). A review on topologies for fast charging stations for electric vehicles. In Power System Technology (POWERCON), 2016 I.E. International Conference on (pp. 1–6). Wollongong, NSW: IEEE.
Ahn,, Y., & Yeo,, H. (2015). An analytical planning model to estimate the optimal density of charging stations for electric vehicles. PLoS One, 10(11 ), e0141307.
Andrews,, M., Dogru,, M. K., Hobby,, J. D., Jin,, Y., & Tucci,, G. H. (2013, February). Modeling and optimization for electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Ect. Bell‐Labs. Com , 1–10.
Arslan,, O., & Karaşan,, O. E. (2016). A Benders decomposition approach for the charging station location problem with plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles. Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, 93, 670–695.
Asamer,, J., Reinthaler,, M., Ruthmair,, M., Straub,, M., & Puchinger,, J. (2016). Optimizing charging station locations for urban taxi providers. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 85, 233–246.
Back,, T. (1996). Evolutionary algorithms in theory and practice: evolution strategies, evolutionary programming, genetic algorithms. Oxford university press .
Balinski,, M. L. (1965). Integer programming: methods, uses, computations. Management Science, 12(3 ), 253–313.
Bansal,, J. C., Sharma,, H., Jadon,, S. S., & Clerc,, M. (2014). Spider monkey optimization algorithm for numerical optimization. Memetic Computing, 6(1 ), 31–47.
Baouche,, F., Billot,, R., Trigui,, R., & El Faouzi,, N. E. (2014). Efficient allocation of electric vehicles charging stations: Optimization model and application to a dense urban network. IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, 6(3 ), 33–43.
Baouche,, F., Billot,, R., Trigui,, R., & El Faouzi,, N. E. (2014, February). Electric vehicle charging stations allocation model. In ROADEF‐15ème congrès annuel de la Société française de recherche opérationnelle et d`aide à la décision.
Benysek,, G., & Jarnut,, M. (2012). Electric vehicle charging infrastructure in Poland. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(1 ), 320–328.
Bhatti,, A. R., Salam,, Z., Abdul,, M. J. B., & Yee,, K. P. (2016). A comprehensive overview of electric vehicle charging using renewable energy. International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 7(1 ), 114.
Billinton,, R., & Billinton,, J. (1989). Distribution system reliability indices. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 4(1 ), 561–568.
Bixby,, R. E. (2012). A brief history of linear and mixed‐integer programming computation. Documenta Mathematica, 107–121.
Blesl,, M., Das,, A., Fahl,, U., & Remme,, U. (2007). Role of energy efficiency standards in reducing CO 2 emissions in Germany: an assessment with TIMES. Energy Policy, 35(2 ), 772–785.
Cai,, H., Jia,, X., Chiu,, A. S., Hu,, X., & Xu,, M. (2014). Siting public electric vehicle charging stations in Beijing using big‐data informed travel patterns of the taxi fleet. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 33, 39–46.
Chang,, S., Li,, H., & Nahrstedt,, K. (2014, December). Charging facility planning for electric vehicles. In Electric Vehicle Conference (IEVC), 2014 I.E. International (pp. 1–7). Florence, Italy: IEEE.
Charging Station. (2018). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charging_station
Ratna Babu Chinnam,. (2017). Community‐aware charging station network design for electrified vehicles in urban areas: Reducing congestion, emissions, improving accessibility, and promoting walking, bicycling, and use of public transportation. Report Transportation Research Centre for Livable Communities, Western Michigan Universities. (Accessed April 1, 2017)
Chung,, S. H., & Kwon,, C. (2015). Multi‐period planning for electric car charging station locations: A case of Korean Expressways. European Journal of Operational Research, 242(2 ), 677–687.
Church,, R., & Velle,, C. R. (1974). The maximal covering location problem. Papers in Regional Science, 32(1 ), 101–118.
Clement‐Nyns,, K., Haesen,, E., & Driesen,, J. (2010). The impact of charging plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles on a residential distribution grid. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 25(1 ), 371–380.
Cruz‐Zambrano,, M., Corchero,, C., Igualada‐Gonzalez,, L., & Bernardo,, V. (2013, May). Optimal location of fast charging stations in Barcelona: A flow‐capturing approach. In European Energy Market (EEM), 2013 10th International Conference on the (pp. 1–6). Stockholm, Sweden: IEEE.
Davidov,, S., & Pantoš,, M. (2017). Planning of electric vehicle infrastructure based on charging reliability and quality of service. Energy, 118, 1156–1167.
Deb,, K. (1999). An introduction to genetic algorithms. Sadhana, 24(4–5 ), 293–315.
Dorigo,, M., Birattari,, M., & Stutzle,, T. (2006). Ant colony optimization. IEEE Computational Intelligence Magazine, 1(4 ), 28–39.
Du,, Y., Zhou,, X., Bai,, S., Lukic,, S., & Huang,, A. (2010, February). Review of non‐isolated bi‐directional DC‐DC converters for plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle charge station application at municipal parking decks. In Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2010 Twenty‐Fifth Annual IEEE (pp. 1145–1151). Palm Springs, CA: IEEE.
ebusplan. (2017). Design of electric bus system, Retrieved from https://www.polisnetwork.eu/uploads/ModuleXtender/PublicEvents/338/b2_-_ebusplan_-_Philipp_Sinhuber_-_Design_of_electric_bus_systems.pdf
EDISON. (2017). Report: Executive summary of the Edison project. Retrieved from http://www.edison-net.dk/Project%20Details/Executive%20Summary.aspx
Electric Car Use by Country. (2017). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_car_use_by_country
Electric Vehicle Network. (2017). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_vehicle_network
EU Science Hub. (2017). Optimal allocation of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in cities and regions. Retrieved from https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research reports/optimal‐allocation‐electric‐vehicle‐charging‐infrastructure‐cities‐and‐regions
Foley,, A. M., Winning,, I. J., & Gallachóir,, B. Ó. (2010, September). State‐of‐the‐art in electric vehicle charging infrastructure. In Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), 2010 IEEE (pp. 1–6). Lille, France: IEEE.
Foosnæs,, A. H., Jensen,, A. N., & Nordentoft,, N. C. (2017). Report: Case studies on grid impacts of fast charging. Edison D 4.4.3 & D 4.4.4 (Accessed April 1, 2017).
Forbes. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/tychodefeijter/2017/02/16/china-to-add-800000-charging-points-to-support-booming-nev-market/#34e0733010b6
Gavranović,, H., Barut,, A., Ertek,, G., Yüzbaşıoğlu,, O. B., Pekpostalcı,, O., & Tombuş,, Ö. (2014). Optimizing the electric charge station network of EŞARJ. Procedia Computer Science, 31, 15–21.
Ge,, S., Feng,, L., & Liu,, H. (2011, September). The planning of electric vehicle charging station based on grid partition method. In Electrical and Control Engineering (ICECE), 2011 International Conference on (pp. 2726–2730). Yichang, China: IEEE.
Giménez‐Gaydou,, D. A., Ribeiro,, A. S., Gutiérrez,, J., & Antunes,, A. P. (2016). Optimal location of battery electric vehicle charging stations in urban areas: A new approach. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 10(5 ), 393–405.
Goldberg,, D. E. (1989). Genetic algorithms in search, optimization, and machine learning, 1989. Reading, MA: Addison‐Wesley .
González,, J., Alvaro,, R., Gamallo,, C., Fuentes,, M., Fraile‐Ardanuy,, J., Knapen,, L., & Janssens,, D. (2014). Determining electric vehicle charging point locations considering drivers` daily activities. Procedia Computer Science, 32, 647–654.
Gopalakrishnan,, R., Biswas,, A., Lightwala,, A., Vasudevan,, S., Dutta,, P., & Tripathi,, A. (2016). Demand prediction and placement optimization for electric vehicle charging stations. arXiv preprint arXiv:1604.05472.
Graham‐Rowe,, E., Gardner,, B., Abraham,, C., Skippon,, S., Dittmar,, H., Hutchins,, R., & Stannard,, J. (2012). Mainstream consumers driving plug‐in battery‐electric and plug‐in hybrid electric cars: A qualitative analysis of responses and evaluations. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 46(1 ), 140–153.
Green eMotion. (2017). The Green eMotion project—Preparing the future of European electro mobility. Retrieved from http://www.greenemotion-project.eu/upload/pdf/about_us/Green-eMotion_results_and_findings.pdf
Hakimi,, S. L. (1964). Optimum locations of switching centers and the absolute centers and medians of a graph. Operations Research, 12(3 ), 450–459.
Hall,, D., & Lutsey,, N. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/EV-charging-best-practices_ICCT-white-paper_04102017_vF.pdf
Hanabusa,, H., & Horiguchi,, R. (2011). A study of the analytical method for the location planning of charging stations for electric vehicles. Knowledge‐Based and Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, 596–605.
Hashemian,, H. M., & Bean,, W. C. (2011). State‐of‐the‐art predictive maintenance techniques. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 60(10 ), 3480–3492.
He,, F., Yin,, Y., & Zhou,, J. (2015). Deploying public charging stations for electric vehicles on urban road networks. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 60, 227–240.
He,, S. Y., Kuo,, Y. H., & Wu,, D. (2016). Incorporating institutional and spatial factors in the selection of the optimal locations of public electric vehicle charging facilities: A case study of Beijing, China. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 67, 131–148.
HEV TCP. (2017). Retrieved from http://www.ieahev.org/by-country/denmark-charging-infrastructure/
Hodgson,, M. J. (1990). A flow‐capturing location‐allocation model. Geographical Analysis, 22(3 ), 270–279.
Hong,, S., & Kuby,, M. (2016). A threshold covering flow‐based location model to build a critical mass of alternative‐fuel stations. Journal of Transport Geography, 56, 128–137.
Hosseini,, M., & MirHassani,, S. A. (2015). Selecting optimal location for electric recharging stations with queue. KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 19(7 ), 2271–2280.
Høyer,, K. G. (2008). The history of alternative fuels in transportation: The case of electric and hybrid cars. Utilities Policy, 16(2 ), 63–71.
Hu,, J., Morais,, H., Sousa,, T., & Lind,, M. (2016). Electric vehicle fleet management in smart grids: A review of services, optimization and control aspects. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 56, 1207–1226.
Hu,, Z., & Song,, Y. (2012). Distribution network expansion planning with optimal siting and sizing of electric vehicle charging stations. In Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), 2012, London, UK: IEEE
Huang,, H., & Abdel‐Aty,, M. (2010). Multilevel data and Bayesian analysis in traffic safety. Accident Analysis %26 Prevention, 42(6 ), 1556–1565.
International Energy Agency. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/Global_EV_Outlook_2016 . pdf
Islam,, M. M., Mohamed,, A., & Shareef,, H. (2015, December). Optimal allocation of rapid charging stations for electric vehicles. In Research and Development (SCOReD), 2015 I.E. Student Conference on (pp. 378–383). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: IEEE.
Islam,, M. M., Shareef,, H., & Mohamed,, A. (2015). A review of techniques for optimal placement and sizing of electric vehicle charging stations. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny, 91(8 ), 122–126.
Jackson,, C., Roy,, B., & JJ Unlimited,, L. L. C. (2016). Electric vehicle charging station implementation plans for the Upstate New York I‐90 corridor (No. C‐14‐59). New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. (Accessed August 1, 2017)
Jia,, L., Hu,, Z., Song,, Y., & Luo,, Z. (2012, March). Optimal siting and sizing of electric vehicle charging stations. In Electric Vehicle Conference (IEVC), 2012 I.E. International (pp. 1–6). Greenville, SC: IEEE.
Kampman,, B., Leguijt,, C., Bennink,, D., Wielders,, L., Rijkee,, X., de Buck,, A., & Braat,, W. (2017). Development of policy recommendations to harvest the potential of electric vehicles, Report. Delft, the Netherlands.
Kennedy,, J. (2011). Particle swarm optimization. In Encyclopedia of machine learning (pp. 760–766). Springer .
Khalkhali,, K., Abapour,, S., Moghaddas‐Tafreshi,, S. M., & Abapour,, M. (2015). Application of data envelopment analysis theorem in plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle charging station planning. IET Generation, Transmission %26 Distribution, 9(7 ), 666–676.
Kim,, J. G., & Kuby,, M. (2012). The deviation‐flow refueling location model for optimizing a network of refueling stations. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 37(6 ), 5406–5420.
Kuby,, M., & Lim,, S. (2005). The flow‐refueling location problem for alternative‐fuel vehicles. Socio‐Economic Planning Sciences, 39(2 ), 125–145.
Leeprechanon,, N., Phonrattanasak,, P., & Sharma,, M. K. (2016, June). Optimal planning of public fast charging station on residential power distribution system. In Transportation Electrification Asia‐Pacific (ITEC Asia‐Pacific), 2016 I.E. Conference and Expo (pp. 519–524). Busan, South Korea: IEEE.
Lenstra,, H. W., Jr. (1983). Integer programming with a fixed number of variables. Mathematics of Operations Research, 8(4 ), 538–548.
Lin,, W., & Hua,, G. (2015, July). The flow capturing location model and algorithm of electric vehicle charging stations. In Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS), 2015 International Conference on (pp. 1–6). Barcelona, Spain: IEEE.
List of Countries by Vehicles Per Capita. (2017). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_vehicles_per_capita
Liu,, Z., Wen,, F., & Ledwich,, G. (2013). Optimal planning of electric‐vehicle charging stations in distribution systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 28(1 ), 102–110.
Lu,, F., & Hua,, G. (2015, July). A location‐sizing model for electric vehicle charging station deployment based on queuing theory. In Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS), 2015 International Conference on (pp. 1–5). Barcelona, Spain: IEEE.
Martins,, M. C., & Trindade,, F. C. (2015, October). Time series studies for optimal allocation of electric charging stations in urban area. In Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Latin America (ISGT LATAM), 2015 I.E. PES (pp. 142–147). Montevideo, Uruguay: IEEE.
Miyagawa,, M. (2013). Distribution of deviation distance to alternative fuel stations. American Journal of Operations Research, 3(03 ), 363.
Mohsenzadeh,, A., Pang,, C., Pazouki,, S., & Haghifam,, M. (2015, October). Optimal siting and sizing of electric vehicle public charging stations considering smart distribution network reliability. In North American Power Symposium (NAPS), 2015 (pp. 1–6). Charlotte, NC: IEEE.
Mohsenzadeh,, A., Pazouki,, S., Haghifam,, M. R., & Pang,, C. (2015, February). Optimal planning of parking lots and demand response programs in distribution network considering power loss and voltage profile. In Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT), 2015 I.E. Power %26 Energy Society (pp. 1–5). Washington, DC: IEEE.
Mukherjee,, J. C., & Gupta,, A. (2015). A review of charge scheduling of electric vehicles in smart grid. IEEE Systems Journal, 9(4 ), 1541–1553.
Musirin,, I., & Rahman,, T. A. (2002). Novel fast voltage stability index (FVSI) for voltage stability analysis in power transmission system. In Research and Development, 2002. SCOReD 2002. Student Conference on (pp. 265–268). Shah Alam, Malaysia: IEEE.
Nahrstedt,, K., & Chang,, S. (2016, May). Placement of energy sources for electric transportation in smart cities. In Smart Computing (SMARTCOMP), 2016 I.E. International Conference on (pp. 1–8). St. Louis, MO: IEEE.
Nicholas,, M., Handy,, S., & Sperling,, D. (2004). Using geographic information systems to evaluate siting and networks of hydrogen stations. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1880, 126–134.
Nicholas,, M., & Ogden,, J. (2006). Detailed analysis of urban station siting for California hydrogen highway network. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1983, 121–128.
nordic.businessinsider. (2017). Denmark now has more electric car charging docks than petrol stations — but will they be used? Retrieved from http://nordic.businessinsider.com/the‐number‐of‐electric‐car‐charging‐pods‐in‐denmark‐just‐outnumbered‐the‐countrys‐petrol‐stations‐2017‐7
NTT DATA. (2017). Japanese situation of EV charging infrastructure. Retrieved from http://emea.nttdata.com/fileadmin/web_data/country/at/Archiv_2013_2014/Downloads/Takehiro_Nagatsuka__NTT_DATA_‐_Japanese_Situation_in_eMobility.pdf
Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions. (2017). Norway`s electric vehicle revolution: Lessons for British Columbia. Author (Accessed April 1, 2017).
Pan,, Z. J., & Zhang,, Y. (2016). A novel centralized charging station planning strategy considering urban power network structure strength. Electric Power Systems Research, 136, 100–109.
Pazouki,, S., Mohsenzadeh,, A., Ardalan,, S., & Haghifam,, M. R. (2015). Simultaneous planning of PEV charging stations and DGs considering financial, technical, and environmental effects. Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 38(3 ), 238–245.
Pazouki,, S., Mohsenzadeh,, A., & Haghifam,, M. R. (2013, December). Optimal planning of PEVs charging stations and demand response programs considering distribution and traffic networks. In Smart Grid Conference (SGC), 2013 (pp. 90–95). Tehran, Iran: IEEE.
Pazouki,, S., Mohsenzadeh,, A., Haghifam,, M. R., & Ardalan,, S. (2015). Simultaneous allocation of charging stations and capacitors in distribution networks improving voltage and power loss. Canadian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 38(2 ), 100–105.
PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency. (2017). Trends in CO2 emissions 2016 report. Retrieved from http://www.pbl.nl/en/publications/trends-in-global-co2-emissions-2016-report (Accessed April 1, 2017).
Plug in INDIA. (2017). Community charging stations. Retrieved from http://www.pluginindia.com/charging.html
Poli,, R., Kennedy,, J., & Blackwell,, T. (2007). Particle swarm optimization. Swarm Intelligence, 1(1 ), 33–57.
Prasomthong,, J., Ongsakul,, W., & Meyer,, J. (2014, March). Optimal placement of vehicle‐to‐grid charging station in distribution system using particle swarm optimization with time varying acceleration coefficient. In Green Energy for Sustainable Development (ICUE), 2014 International Conference and Utility Exhibition on (pp. 1–8). Pattaya, Thailand: IEEE.
qz.com. (2018). Retrieved from https://qz.com/1007304/there-are-now-16000-public-electric-vehicle-charging-stations-in-the-us-and-china-is-way ahead
Rahman,, I., Vasant,, P. M., Singh,, B. S. M., Abdullah‐Al‐Wadud,, M., & Adnan,, N. (2016). Review of recent trends in optimization techniques for plug‐in hybrid, and electric vehicle charging infrastructures. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 58, 1039–1047.
Rao,, R. V., Savsani,, V. J., & Vakharia,, D. P. (2011). Teaching–learning‐based optimization: A novel method for constrained mechanical design optimization problems. Computer‐Aided Design, 43(3 ), 303–315.
Rao,, S. S., & Rao,, S. S. (2009). Engineering optimization: Theory and practice. John Wiley %26 Sons .
RMI. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.rmi.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/RMI-From-Gas-To-Grid.pdf
Rnstvik,, H. N. (2013, November). Norway`s electric vehicle deployment success. A historical review including plans for fast charging stations covering all of the country—By 2015. In Electric Vehicle Symposium and Exhibition (EVS27), 2013 World (pp. 1–10). Barcelona, Spain: EEE.
Sachan,, S., & Kishor,, N. (2016, April). Optimal location for centralized charging of electric vehicle in distribution network. In Electrotechnical Conference (MELECON), 2016 18th Mediterranean (pp. 1–6). Lemesos, Cyprus: IEEE.
Schneider,, K., Gerkensmeyer,, C., Kintner‐Meyer,, M., & Fletcher,, R. (2008, July). Impact assessment of plug‐in hybrid vehicles on pacific northwest distribution systems. In Power and Energy Society General Meeting‐Conversion and Delivery of Electrical Energy in the 21st Century, 2008 IEEE (pp. 1–6). Pittsburgh, PA: IEEE.
Scientificreports. (2017) Hidden benefits of electric vehicles for addressing climate change, Retrieved from http://www.nature.com/scientificreports ,DOI:10.1038/srep09213 (Accessed April 1, 2017)
Shojaabadi,, S., Abapour,, S., Abapour,, M., & Nahavandi,, A. (2016a). Optimal planning of plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle charging station in distribution network considering demand response programs and uncertainties. IET Generation, Transmission %26 Distribution, 10(13 ), 3330–3340.
Shojaabadi,, S., Abapour,, S., Abapour,, M., & Nahavandi,, A. (2016b). Simultaneous planning of plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle charging stations and wind power generation in distribution networks considering uncertainties. Renewable Energy, 99, 237–252.
Sortomme,, E., & El‐Sharkawi,, M. A. (2011). Optimal charging strategies for unidirectional vehicle‐to‐grid. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2(1 ), 131–138.
Spectrum. (2017). Speed bumps ahead for electric‐vehicle charging. Retrieved from www.spectrum.org
Staats,, P. T., Grady,, W. M., Arapostathis,, A., & Thallam,, R. S. (1998). A statistical analysis of the effect of electric vehicle battery charging on distribution system harmonic voltages. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 13(2 ), 640–646.
Statista. (2017). Number of charging stations for electric cars in Norway from 2011 to 2017, by type. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/statistics/696548/number-of-electric-car-charging-stations-in-norway-by-type/
Storn,, R., & Price,, K. (1997). Differential evolution–a simple and efficient heuristic for global optimization over continuous spaces. Journal of Global Optimization, 11(4 ), 341–359.
Teixeira,, A. C. R., & Sodré,, J. R. (2016). Simulation of the impacts on carbon dioxide emissions from replacement of a conventional Brazilian taxi fleet by electric vehicles. Energy, 115, 1617–1622.
The Guardian. (2017). Japan now has more electric car charge points than petrol stations. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/may/10/japan-electric-car-charge-points-petrol-stations
The Guardian. (2018). Plans for an electric car charging point in every new home in Europe. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2016/oct/11/electric-car-charging-point-new-home-europe-renault
The Times of India. (2017). NTPC forays into Electric Vehicles charging stations. Retrieved from http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/ntpc-forays-into-electric-vehicles-charging-stations/articleshow/58975961.cms
toi. (2018). Learning from Norwegian Battery Electric and Plug‐in Hybrid Vehicle users ‐ Results from a survey of vehicle owners. Retrieved from https://www.toi.no/getfile.php/1343167/Publikasjoner/T%C3%98I%20rapporter/2016/1492-2016/Summary.pdf
Toregas,, C. (1972). Location under maximal travel time constraints. Retrieved from http://www.library.northwestern.edu/transportation/services.html
Tran,, T. H., Nagy,, G., & Wassan,, N. A. (2015). A review of models for the alternative‐fuel station location problem. Retrieved from https://kar.kent.ac.uk/id/eprint/52667
Transport for London. (2018). Understanding electric vehicles ‐ research findings . Retrieved from http://content.tfl.gov.uk/understanding–electric‐vehicles‐research‐findings.pdf
Tu,, W., Li,, Q., Fang,, Z., Shaw,, S. L., Zhou,, B., & Chang,, X. (2016). Optimizing the locations of electric taxi charging stations: A spatial–temporal demand coverage approach. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 65, 172–189.
Upchurch,, C., & Kuby,, M. (2010). Comparing the p‐median and flow‐refueling models for locating alternative‐fuel stations. Journal of Transport Geography, 18(6 ), 750–758.
Vu,, K., Begovic,, M. M., Novosel,, D., & Saha,, M. M. (1999). Use of local measurements to estimate voltage‐stability margin. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 14(3 ), 1029–1035.
Wang,, G., Xu,, Z., Wen,, F., & Wong,, K. P. (2013). Traffic‐constrained multi objective planning of electric‐vehicle charging stations. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 28(4 ), 2363–2372.
Wang,, Q., Rongrong,, L., & Rui,, J. (2016). Decoupling and decomposition analysis of carbon emissions from industry: A case study from China. Sustainability, 8(10 ), 1059–1076.
Wang,, X., Yuen,, C., Hassan,, N. U., An,, N., & Wu,, W. (2017). Electric vehicle charging station placement for urban public bus systems. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 18(1 ), 128–139.
Wang,, Y. W., & Lin,, C. C. (2013). Locating multiple types of recharging stations for battery‐powered electric vehicle transport. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 58, 76–87.
Wang,, Y. W., & Wang,, C. R. (2010). Locating passenger vehicle refueling stations. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 46(5 ), 791–801.
Wang,, Z., & Yang,, L. (2015). Delinking indicators on regional industry development and carbon emissions: Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei economic band case. Ecological Indicators, 48, 41–48.
Weiping,, H., & Chi,, W. (1989). Urban road network accessibility evaluation method based on GIS spatial analysis techniques. Retrieved from http://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVIII/part2/Papers/130_Paper.pdf
Worley,, O., Klabjan,, D., & Sweda,, T. M. (2012, March). Simultaneous vehicle routing and charging station siting for commercial electric vehicles. In Electric Vehicle Conference (IEVC), 2012 I.E. International (pp. 1–3). Greenville, SC: IEEE.
Wu,, F., & Sioshansi,, R. (2017). A stochastic flow‐capturing model to optimize the location of fast‐charging stations with uncertain electric vehicle flows. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 53, 354–376.
Wu,, T., Ma,, L., Mao,, Z., & Ou,, X. (2015). Setting up charging electric stations within residential communities in current China: Gaming of government agencies and property management companies. Energy Policy, 77, 216–226.
Xiang,, Y., Liu,, J., Li,, R., Li,, F., Gu,, C., & Tang,, S. (2016). Economic planning of electric vehicle charging stations considering traffic constraints and load profile templates. Applied Energy, 178, 647–659.
Yan,, X., Duan,, C., Chen,, X., & Duan,, Z. (2014, August). Planning of electric vehicle charging station based on hierarchic genetic algorithm. In Transportation Electrification Asia‐Pacific (ITEC Asia‐Pacific), 2014 I.E. Conference and Expo (pp. 1–5). Beijing, China: IEEE.
Yang,, X. S. (2010). Firefly algorithm, stochastic test functions and design optimisation. International Journal of Bio‐Inspired Computation, 2(2 ), 78–84.
Yao,, W., Zhao,, J., Wen,, F., Dong,, Z., Xue,, Y., Xu,, Y., & Meng,, K. (2014). A multi‐objective collaborative planning strategy for integrated power distribution and electric vehicle charging systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 29(4 ), 1811–1821.
You,, P. S., & Hsieh,, Y. C. (2014). A hybrid heuristic approach to the problem of the location of vehicle charging stations. Computers %26 Industrial Engineering, 70, 195–204.
Zhang,, C., & Cheng,, Y. (2016, August). Research on joint planning model for EVs charging/swapping facilities. In Electricity Distribution (CICED), 2016 China International Conference on (pp. 1–8). Xi`an, China: IEEE.
Zhang,, Z. (2013). An analysis of China`s energy demand and supply policy framework. WIREs: Energy and Environment, 2(4 ), 422–440.
Zhao,, H., & Li,, N. (2016). Optimal siting of charging stations for electric vehicles based on fuzzy Delphi and hybrid multi‐criteria decision making approaches from an extended sustainability perspective. Energies, 9(4 ), 270.
Zheng,, Y., Dong,, Z. Y., Xu,, Y., Meng,, K., Zhao,, J. H., & Qiu,, J. (2014). Electric vehicle battery charging/swap stations in distribution systems: comparison study and optimal planning. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 29(1 ), 221–229.
Zhu,, X., Zhuang,, G., & Xiong,, N. (2014). A review of China`s approaches toward a sustainable energy future: the period since 1990. WIREs: Energy and Environment, 3(5 ), 409–423.
Zhu,, Z. H., Gao,, Z. Y., Zheng,, J. F., & Du,, H. M. (2016). Charging station location problem of plug‐in electric vehicles. Journal of Transport Geography, 52, 11–22.