The literature review on flood risk governance shows the need for more systematic empirical assessments, balancing the geographical scope of research, reporting comparative studies, enhancing interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary working, and conceptual refinement.

A schematic diagram of the complexity of a perceptual model for near surface processes controlling surface and subsurface fluxes relevant to catchments in North West England.

Warming and hydrological changes act as drivers of further changes in Arctic wetland systems and their interactions with permafrost and ecology.

The Auzon River under dry, low‐flow, and flood conditions (from left to right), which is an intermittent tributary of the Ardèche River (France), and monitored as a site of the ZA Bassin du Rhône (Rhône Bassin LTSER) and of the Mediterranean Hydro‐meteorological Observatory Cévennes‐Vivarais (OHMCV CZO).

Owing to the on‐going urban expansion accompanied by an anticipated increase of flash floods, diffuse water pollution in cities is likely to increase. The complexity of pollution patterns and their distribution mechanisms in cities are reviewed in the context of urban connectivity of pollution. Explicit handling of urban connectivity may guide the re‐design of urban drainage strategies toward more decentralized and sustainable management approaches of urban water resources.

Streamflows that occur between rainfall events may be sustained by groundwater inflows or else may recede in response to evapotranspiration and seepage. The rate at which this occurs is often predicted using linear models, even though the governing processes are known to be largely nonlinear.

A systematic illustration of GHG sources associated with urban water infrastructure.

Lake Baikal (Photo credit: Kate Pride Brown).

Flint residents' community mobilization efforts around the Flint Water Crisis viewed within a popular epidemiology frame